Asbury Woods Nature Center (AWNC)has turned green! Not only green in color, but also in building techniques. During our recent expansion project, a green, vegetative roof was installed. AWNC and Millcreek Township School District were awarded an Energy Harvest grant from the PA Department of Environmental Protection (DEP) to add this green technique to the expansion project. The designers, Roofscapes Inc. of Philadelphia, designed the roof to not only look pretty, but also for functionality. A green roof is ideal in situations where a building is being built (or renovated in Asbury’s case) and a bigger footprint is made, causing a stormwater retention basin to be needed.

Advantages

• Green roofs absorb about 75% of rainwater runoff that would have ended up running off into retention basin
• Smaller retention basins can be used.
• Green roofs moderate daily fluctuations in a building’s temperature - acting as a cooling agent during the summer months (a typical asphalt roof can reach 120° versus the vegetative roof
  reaching only about 80°) - helping to insulate a building during the winter months.

The roof and plants were installed by Lichtenfels Nursery of Johnstown, PA. Special drainage mats were laid as the base to the roof holding 4”of special mineral/soil mix that the plant are planted in. The plants are mainly alpine plants able to adapt to the harsh temperature extremes seen on roofs (from wet rain and snow to dry scorching sun). The majority are sedum, talinum, and allium.

The annual maintenance of the green roof is very simple. No mowing or watering is needed once the plants are established. All that is needed is to pull weeds or any tree seedlings that have taken up root on the roof about twice a year.

Now that the snow has fallen, not much can be seen up on the rooftop. Once the snow has melted, and the sun is shining again, come on out to Asbury Woods Nature Center and take a peek at the green roof.

Written by Julie Blackman, Watershed Educator, AWNC

On May 27, 2005, Penn State University was awarded a Soil Erosion and Sediment Control grant from the Great Lakes Commission’s Great Lakes Basin Program totaling $43,350 to address stormwater management infrastructure failures at three locations on the Penn State Behrend campus. PA Sea Grant prepared and submitted this grant application and Urban Engineers Erie, Inc. was hired and has finalized the design for best management practices (BMPs) to substantially reduce erosion and to control the introduction of sediments into Trout Run, a tributary of Fourmile Creek which runs through campus. Also completed is the identification of additional green infrastructure improvements that may be implemented on campus in the future.

With design completed, PA Sea Grant has authored two more applications which, if funded, will be used to construct these BMPs to implement the design recommendations. An application was submitted to the Pennsylvania DEP for Growing Greener funds totaling $150,900 on March 3, 2006. A matching application requesting $75,000 in Great Lakes Commission GLB Soil Erosion and Sedimentation Control funds was submitted on March 14, 2006. PA Sea Grant has obtained a notice of award from the Great Lakes Commission. If the Growing Greener application is funded, construction is expected to occur during the Summer of 2007.

Fourmile Creek is a stream on the east side of the Erie urban area flowing through the municipalities of Greene, Harborcreek, Wesleyville and Lawrence Park (see map). From its headwaters to the mouth, this stream reaches approximately 8 miles in length. Its watershed encompasses 11.93 square miles, including densely developed areas from Route 5 southward to 38th St, then on southward becoming much more rural in character.

• PLEWA completed a Strategic Action Plan for PA’s Lake Erie drainage basin ranking water quality in 22 streams flowing into Lake Erie.
• Fourmile Creek is ranked as having the 4th lowest quality of these streams.
• Lower reaches of Fourmile Creek have slightly degraded or poor conditions.
• Benthic macroinvertebrate communities in its upper reaches are in good condition - Due largely to the fact that there are little or no non-point source pollution problems there.
• PLEWA subcommittee for Fourmile Creek has beenworking to make improvements.
• Partners include: PA Sea Grant, PA Coastal Zone Management program, the Wesleyville Conservation Club, and Penn State Behrend.

Stream Impediments

One of Fourmile’s most distinctive characteristics is that it includes numerous impediments in the stream.

• 2 Dams - one located near the mouth at the Lawrence Park Golf Course - one located immediately south of Station Road (see photos).
• 1 Waterfall approx. 5 ft tall - located about midpoint between Cooper Rd and I-90
• Concrete slab 1’ thick x 3’ wide along the entire breadth of the waterfall creating a 3rd dam-like structure.
• 1 Locomotive Ballast (large chunks of concrete partially encased in metal) at various locations in the lower reaches of the stream.
• This ballast may have originally been placed in the stream in an attempt to stabilize bank erosion or possibly to eliminate swimming holes to keep people out of the stream.

Efforts are now being discussed to remove or alter these impediments to return the stream to a more natural flow and to improve the ability of fish to swim from the mouth up to the upper reaches of the stream. Funds are being provided by the Iroquois School District (ISD), which is in the process of constructing a new school necessitating the realignment and piping of a small tributary to Fourmile Creek.

First Waterfall

ISD has been asked by the PA Department of Environmental Protection to pay $20,000 to mitigate the encapsulation of this waterway and half of that fee must be directly applied to improvements within Fourmile Creek.

Improvements

• Remove the dam at the Nacopoulos property near Station Road.
• Remove the cap on the concrete-covered waterfall located on the Penn State Behrend campus.
• Modify the golf course dam to allow fish passage.

Concrete Covered Waterfall

The PA Fish and Boat Commission (PA FBC) is working with ISD in obtaining the permits necessary for removal of these impediments and developing the design drawings necessary to bid this project to a local contractor. These two impediments removal projects are expected take place during summer of 2007. The PA FBC and the Lawrence Park Golf Club are working on proposed Fish ladders be installed at this dam and at the waterfall located between the dam and Route 5. PA Sea Grant is working with them to prepare grant applications for the purchase and installation costs. If funded, fish ladders would be installed in 2008.

With these improvements, the stream may return to a condition that will enable fish migration, benefitting the local tourism industry. But more importantly, these changes will clearly demonstrate that the Erie area cares about improving its quality of life by improving the quality of its environment.

Written by Dave Skellie, PA Sea Grant